Liikluskontrollid, liiklusõnnetused, võlasuhted ja ettevõtetega seotud koostöö Saksamaal, Poolas, Eestis ja Venemaal
Septembris 2021 külastas Advokaadibüroosid Kuklase ja Partnerid ning Lillo & Lõhmus saksa kolleeg ja pikaaegne koostööpartner vandeadvokaat Norbert Müller.
Vandeadvokaat Norbert Mülleriga on edukas koostöö toimunud alates aastast 2007. Tegemist on advokaadiga, kes tegutseb peamiselt Kölni piirkonnas. Norberti büroo teine kolleeg Richard Lazar on ühtlasi ka maksunõustaja ning abistab vaidluste lahendamisel Poolas.
Arutasime edasise koostöö jätkamist ja lähiajal aktiivses menetluses olnud teemasid. Senine aktiivne koostöö on toimunud põhiliselt kolmes valdkonnas:
Liikluskontrollid ja liiklusõnnetused Saksamaal (Föderaalne Kaubaveoamet (BGA)/politsei/toll/ kindlustused). Kuidas käituda Saksamaal liikluskontrolli korral? Peamiselt puudutab see teema just transpordiettevõtteid, kes satuvad probleemidesse Saksamaal. Arutelu käigus kõlama jäänud senise praktika pinnalt saab ütelda, et peamine probleem on selles, et transpordiettevõtted lasevad Saksamaal kehtivatel väga lühikestel trahvide vaidlustamise tähtaegadel mööduda. Tõenäoliselt lastakse kaebetähtajad mööda just tingituna vastavate õigusteadmiste ja kontaktide puudumisest.
Eesti, Saksa, Poola ja Venemaa (peamiselt Moskva piirkonnas) ettevõte vaheline äritegevuse õiguslik nõustamine ja sellega seotud õigusprobleemide lahendamine. Antud teema puudutab eelkõige Eesti ettevõtetel tekkinud probleeme Saksamaal, Eesti ettevõtjate soove, tegutseda ka Saksa turul (vajalike õiguslike reeglite ja ka maksuõiguslike reeglite arutelu, lahendamine jne).
Samuti on meie koostöös olulisel kohal näitena Saksa ettevõtjate soov tegutseda Eesti turul, luues ettevõtteid Eestisse kasutades sealjuures Eesti e-residentsusega seotud võimalusi.
Kolmas põhiline valdkond on ka Eesti, Saksa, Poola ja Venemaa (peamiselt Moskva piirkonnas) ettevõtete ja füüsiliste isikute vaheliste võlasuhete lahendamine, lähtuvalt sellest millisele territooriumile on tekkinud vaidlus või probleem kandunud ja kui palju on taolises rahvusvahelises koostöös võimalik abistada.
Juhul kui eelviidatud teemad pakuvad kellelegi täpsemat huvi, siis allpool on täiendav lühike selgitus, kuid vajadusel on võimalik saada konsultatsioon advokaadilt konkreetse juhtumiga seonduvalt. Loodetavasti on advokaadibüroode taolisest koostööst võimalik kasu saada ka ettevõtjatel, eelkõige transpordiettevõtjatel, kellel ülalkirjeldatud probleemid tekkisid või kes ennetavalt tunnevad huvi antud probleemide lahendamise osas.
Alljärgnevalt lühitutvustus eelviidatud teemadel. Liikluskontrollid ja liiklusõnnetused Saksamaal (Föderaalne Kaubaveoamet (BGA) / politsei / toll / kindlustused). Mida teha Saksamaal liikluskontrolli korral?
Oleme viimastel aastatel täheldanud, et Eesti transpordiettevõtjatel tekib tihtipeale suuri raskusi ja
kahjusid seoses Saksamaa teedel aset leidvate liikluskontrollide ja -õnnetustega. Saksa Föderaalne Kaubaveoamet, politsei või toll kõrvaldab liiklusest tihti Eesti veokeid, sest Eesti veokijuhid pole vajalikke dokumente väidetavalt kaasa võtnud, ei järgi tööajapiiranguid, on veoki üle koormanud, ületanud piirkiirust või ei ole hoidnud vajalikku pikivahet teistest sõidukitest. Samuti võivad Saksa liidumaade prokuratuurid algatada kriminaaluurimise Eesti ettevõtete ja autojuhtide suhtes või esinevad muud probleemid.
Sagedased on juhud, mil Saksa kindlustusettevõtted jätavad Eesti ettevõtjatele väljamaksed tegemata, kuna ettevõtetel puudub Saksamaal õiguslik esindaja. Liiklusintsidentide korral peab Saksa politsei Eesti veokijuhte tihtipeale mitmeid päevi või nädalaid kinni, sest puuduliku keeleoskuse ja puudulike õigusalaste teadmiste tõttu on osapooltel teineteist raske mõista. Saksa ametiasutused nõuavad Eesti transpordiettevõtetelt ja autojuhtidelt sageli trahve, mis tavaliselt jäävad vahemikku 1000 kuni 20 000 eurot, kuid võivad ulatuda ka 50 000 euroni ja isegi rohkem ning peatavad transpordi sageli mitmeks päevaks, kuni hangitakse vajalikud dokumendid ja makstakse kautsjon. Selleks, et veokit vabastada maksavad ettevõtted sellistel juhtudel tihtipeale suuri trahve ning arvavad, et sellega on kõik lõppenud ja enam midagi teha ei saa, et vähemalt kasvõi osaliselt tasutud summad tagasi saada. See pole aga nii!
Saksa Föderaalne Kaubaveoamet, asjaomased ametiasutused ja kohtud teevad lõpliku otsuse tihtipeale alles mitu nädalalt pärast liiklusintsidenti, ilma et Eesti ettevõtted oleks sellest teadlikud ja saaksid selle vastu midagi ette võtta, sest neil puudub Saksamaal menetluses osalemiseks pädev esindaja. Seetõttu kaotavad Eesti ettevõtted raha ning riskivad täiendavate trahvide maksmisega Saksamaal, neile ei tehta liiga suure trahvikautsjoni maksmise korral tagasimakset või nende autojuhtidelt võetakse ära Saksamaal autojuhtimise õigus, sest nad on ilma õiguskaitsevahendeid kasutamata nõustunud Saksamaa ametiasutuste ja kohtute liiga kõrgete trahvidega, lastes Saksamaal kehtivatel väga lühikestel trahvide vaidlustamise tähtaegadel mööduda.
Kuidas meie saame aidata?
Oleme Eesti ja Saksa advokaadibürood, kus räägitakse eesti, vene, inglise ja saksa keelt. Teeme omavahel koostööd ja Teil on võimalik Saksamaal probleemide tekkimisel kõigepealt pöörduda Eesti advokaadi poole, kellele oma Saksamaal tekkinud, sh. liiklusõiguslikest, probleemidest teada anda. Seejärel võtab Saksa advokaat esialgselt sümboolse tasu eest viivitamatult ühendust Saksa ametiasutustega, taotleb dokumentidega tutvumist ja kontrollime, kas Teie juhtumi puhul on üldse mõtet Saksa ametiasutuse või kindlustusettevõtte meetmete vastu midagi ette võtta.
Kui meie hinnangul on olemas piisavalt õiguslik perspektiiv Saksa ametiasutuste otsuste/tegevuse vaidlustamiseks ja pärast meilt esialgse hinnangu saamist Te soovite, et me asjaga edasi tegeleks, siis saame Teie poolt antud kirjaliku volituse alusel Teid Saksamaal probleemide lahendamisel esindada. Seejärel võtame võimaluse korral viivitamatult tarvitusele õigusabivahendid ametiasutuste meetmete vastu ning püüame saada Teie probleemile võimalikult kiire ja parima lahenduse, näiteks, saavutada Teie autojuhile ja veokile võimalikult kiiresti sõidu jätkamise õiguse Saksamaal, tasutud trahvi osalise või täieliku tagastamise või muud meetmed vältimaks lisakahju.
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Saksamaal, Poolas, Eestis ja Venemaal – Kuklase & Partnerid fx마진거래