Ettevõtte saneerimine osakapitali suurendamise kaudu – üks võimalik abinõu?
Olev Kuklase
5. dets. 2019
61 kommentaari

Foto: Unsplash fotopank
Saneerimine kui ettevõtte tervendamine on olnud Eesti majanduskeskkonnas suhteliselt harv nähtus. Samas saneerimisseadus jõustus juba 26.12.2008, kuid saneerimise tulemuslikkusesse üldjuhul ei usuta. Saneerimine on abinõude kompleksi rakendamine ettevõtte majanduslike raskuste ületamiseks, tema likviidsuse taastamiseks, kasumlikkuse parandamiseks ja jätkusuutliku majandamise tagamiseks.
Tihti nähakse saneerimises vaid pahatahtlikke võimalusi n-ö vee sogamiseks. Taoliste arvamuste ja kuvandite kujunemisele on kaasa aidanud erinevad probleemsed näited, kus saneerimist on kasutatud pankroti edasi lükkamiseks, varade kõrvaldamiseks, võlausaldajate survestamiseks jms.
Saneerimisele asudes peaks tavapäraselt olema võimalik teha esialgne hinnang juba ainuüksi paarile põhilisele küsimusele vastuste leidmisel:
1. Kas ettevõte veel reaalselt tegutseb ka saneerimisavalduse esitamise ajal?
2. Kas ettevõttel on olemas töötajad, kes reaalselt suudaksid toota lisandväärtust?
3. Kas ettevõttel on olemas varad, millega lisandväärtust toota?
Põhiline – saneerimisega ei tohi jääda hiljaks!
Kindlasti on olemas veel olulisi küsimusi, millele tuleks saneerimist planeerides otsida vastused, aga kui juba loetletud punktides olevatele küsimustele on leitud positiivsed vastused, on tõenäoline, et ettevõtet peaks proovima siiski saneerimida.
Meie büroo on aidanud saneerida mitmeid ettevõtteid, aga mõneti teistsuguse lähenemisega on üks hiljutine, milles saneerimisabinõuna kasutati osakapitali suurendamist läbi võlausaldaja kohustuste juriidilise isiku osaga asendamise (Tartu Maakohtu 28.07.2019 määrus saneerimiskava kinnitamise kohta tsiviilasjas nr. 2-19-4016 ja Riigikohtu 25.11.2019 määrus nr 2-19-4016).
Kogu asja probleem oli – kahe võrdse osalusega osaniku ja juhatuse liikme vahel tekkisid erimeelsused, mis hakkasid kahjustuma nendele kuuluva ettevõtte majandustegevust.
Juhtorganite/osanike vahelise tüli kese oli selles, et ettevõttel oli suur sissenõutavaks muutunud võlgnevus võlausaldaja ees ning juhtorganite/osanike nägemus ettevõtte tegevuse jätkamise osas ei klappinud.

Ühe poole arvates tuli leida lahendus võlgnevuse tasumiseks ja ettevõtte tegevuse jätkamiseks s.t lahenduseks ettevõtte saneerimine. Seevastu teisel poolel ei olnud välja pakkuda mistahes lahendust võlgnevuse tasumiseks ja ettevõtte tegevuse jätkamiseks, ta ka ei soovinud ise antud ettevõttesse investeerida.
Teise poole tegevus ja hoiak oli pigem destruktiivne, ettevõtte tegevust kahjustav, pankrotmenetluse poole vaatav.
Tekkinud olukorras otsustas üks osanik/juhatuse liige esitada saneerimisavalduse nii ettevõtte kui ka võlausaldajate huvides. Saneerimiskava koostamisel otsustasime kasutada saneerimisabinõuna äriseadustikust ja saneerimisseadusest tulenevat võimalust – suurendada ettevõtte osakapitali (võlausaldaja võlgnevuse ulatuses) ja kujundada võlausaldaja nõue ümber selliselt, et võlausaldaja nõue ettevõtte vastu asendatakse ettevõtte osaga võlausaldaja võlgnevuse ulatuses. Teine osanik vaidles sellele lahendusele vastu !
Kohus kinnitas ettevõtte poolt esitatud saneerimiskava. Kinnitatud saneerimiskava kohaselt suurendati ettevõtte osakapitali võlausaldaja nõude ulatuses ja asendati nõue ettevõtte osaga, mis vastab võlausaldaja nõude suurusele.
Kokkuvõttes kujunes vaidluse põhiküsimuseks see, kas kohus saab saneerimiskava kinnitades kohtulahendiga asendada ühe osaniku tahteavaldust, millega üks 50% osalusega osanik hääletab osakapitali suurendamise otsuse poolt ja teine 50% osalusega osanik hääletab vastu ning samas esitatakse kohtule saneerimiskava, milles võlausaldaja nõustub oma nõude asendama ettevõtte osaga. Meie praktikas ei ole varasemalt taolist saneerimisabinõu kohaldatud.
Saneerimiskavas viidati TsÜS § 68 lg-le 5, mis sätestab, et kui isik on kohustatud tegema kindla sisuga tahteavalduse, asendab tahteavaldust jõustunud või viivitamata täitmisele kuuluv kohtulahend, millega isikut kohustatakse sellist tahteavaldust andma.

It’s hard to find knowledgeable people on this topic, but you sound like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
Excellent website. Plenty of useful information here. I’m sending it to a few pals ans also sharing in delicious. And of course, thanks on your sweat!
There are some fascinating points in time in this article but I don’t know if I see all of them heart to heart. There’s some validity however I will take hold opinion till I look into it further. Good article , thanks and we want more! Added to FeedBurner as properly
Hi, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just curious if you get a lot of spam remarks? If so how do you stop it, any plugin or anything you can advise? I get so much lately it’s driving me crazy so any support is very much appreciated.
Pretty portion of content. I simply stumbled upon your blog and in accession capital to claim that I acquire actually loved account your weblog posts. Anyway I’ll be subscribing in your feeds or even I success you get entry to constantly quickly.
I am a student of BAK College. The recent paper competition gave me a lot of headaches, and I checked a lot of information. Finally, after reading your article, it suddenly dawned on me that I can still have such an idea. grateful. But I still have some questions, hope you can help me.
Your style is so unique in comparison to other people
I have read stuff from. Many thanks for posting when you’ve got the opportunity, Guess
I’ll just book mark this blog.
I got this web site from my friend who informed me about
this website and now this time I am browsing this web page
and reading very informative articles or reviews here.
Awesome article.
I need to to thank you for this very good read!!
I definitely enjoyed every little bit of it. I’ve got you book marked
to check out new stuff you post…
Thanks a lot for sharing this with all folks you really recognize what
you’re talking about! Bookmarked. Please additionally discuss with my site =).
We could have a link change arrangement among us
Hello there! I simply want to give you a big thumbs up for your great information you’ve got right here on this post.
I am coming back to your web site for more soon.
I may need your help. I tried many ways but couldn’t solve it, but after reading your article, I think you have a way to help me. I’m looking forward for your reply. Thanks.
whoah this blog is magnificent i love reading your articles. Stay up the good work! You understand, many individuals are searching around for this info, you can help them greatly.
Thank you a bunch for sharing this with all people you really recognize what you are talking approximately! Bookmarked. Please also discuss with my web site =). We will have a link trade agreement among us
справки москва
I know this if off topic but I’m looking into starting my own blog and was wondering what all is required to get set up? I’m assuming having a blog like yours would cost a pretty penny? I’m not very internet savvy so I’m not 100% sure. Any tips or advice would be greatly appreciated. Thank you
Very rapidly this website will be famous among all blogging and site-building people, due to it’s good posts
If some one wants to be updated with latest technologies after that he must be go to see this web site and be up to date daily.
I love what you guys are up too. This type of clever work and exposure! Keep up the fantastic works guys I’ve incorporated you guys to my personal blogroll.
Hello! Do you know if they make any plugins to help with SEO? I’m trying to get my blog to rank for some targeted keywords but I’m not seeing very good gains. If you know of any please share. Thanks!
I am curious to find out what blog system you have been utilizing? I’m experiencing some minor security problems with my latest site and I would like to find something more risk-free. Do you have any suggestions?
I always used to read piece of writing in news papers but now as I am a user of internet so from now I am using net for posts, thanks to web.
you are really a good webmaster. The web site loading speed is incredible. It sort of feels that you are doing any unique trick. Moreover, The contents are masterpiece. you have performed a fantastic process in this topic!
I’m not sure where you are getting your info, but good topic. I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more. Thanks for magnificent information I was looking for this information for my mission.
Hi, yeah this piece of writing is in fact nice and I have learned lot of things from it about blogging. thanks.
I for all time emailed this weblog post page to all my friends, since if like to read it then my links will too.
I’m not positive where you are getting your info, however good topic. I needs to spend a while learning more or understanding more. Thank you for magnificent information I used to be looking for this information for my mission.
Incredible points. Solid arguments. Keep up the good effort.
Marvelous, what a blog it is! This webpage provides useful information to us, keep it up.
Hi Dear, are you in fact visiting this website regularly, if so then you will definitely get good knowledge.
This site really has all of the information I wanted about this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
I loved as much as you will receive carried out right here. The sketch is tasteful, your authored subject matter stylish. nonetheless, you command get bought an edginess over that you wish be delivering the following. unwell unquestionably come further formerly again since exactly the same nearly a lot often inside case you shield this increase.
What’s up Dear, are you really visiting this website daily, if so after that you will definitely take good knowledge.
Currently it sounds like Expression Engine is the top blogging platform out there right now. (from what I’ve read) Is that what you’re using on your blog?
I am extremely impressed with your writing skills and also with the layout on your blog. Is this a paid theme or did you customize it yourself? Either way keep up the nice quality writing, it’s rare to see a nice blog like this one nowadays.
Yesterday, while I was at work, my sister stole my iPad and tested to see if it can survive a forty foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is entirely off topic but I had to share it with someone!
After looking over a few of the blog posts on your web page, I really like your way of blogging. I saved it to my bookmark site list and will be checking back soon. Take a look at my web site as well and let me know how you feel.
Remarkable things here. I’m very glad to see your article. Thank you so much and I’m taking a look forward to touch you. Will you please drop me a mail?
No matter if some one searches for his required thing, thus he/she needs to be available that in detail, thus that thing is maintained over here.
Ahaa, its good conversation concerning this article here at this webpage, I have read all that, so now me also commenting here.
I couldn’t resist commenting. Well written!
Woah! I’m really loving the template/theme of this website. It’s simple, yet effective. A lot of times it’s challenging to get that “perfect balance” between user friendliness and visual appearance. I must say you have done a very good job with this. Additionally, the blog loads very fast for me on Opera. Exceptional Blog!
Hi there, just wanted to say, I enjoyed this post. It was inspiring. Keep on posting!
I do accept as true with all the ideas you have introduced for your post. They are very convincing and will definitely work. Still, the posts are too brief for beginners. May you please prolong them a bit from next time? Thank you for the post.
Your way of describing all in this post is really pleasant, all be able to without difficulty understand it, Thanks a lot.
Hi there! This is my 1st comment here so I just wanted to give a quick shout out and tell you I genuinely enjoy reading through your articles. Can you suggest any other blogs/websites/forums that go over the same subjects? Thanks a ton!
Greetings I am so glad I found your web site, I really found you by error, while I was browsing on Aol for something else, Anyhow I am here now and would just like to say kudos for a incredible post and a all round exciting blog (I also love the theme/design), I dont have time to browse it all at the minute but I have saved it and also included your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read much more, Please do keep up the excellent b.
Yes! Finally something about %keyword1%.
Simply wish to say your article is as astonishing. The clearness in your post is simply cool and i can assume you are an expert on this subject. Well with your permission allow me to grab your RSS feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post. Thanks a million and please continue the gratifying work.
There is definately a lot to know about this subject. I like all the points you made.
I really love your site.. Very nice colors & theme. Did you develop this web site yourself? Please reply back as I’m trying to create my very own blog and would like to learn where you got this from or exactly what the theme is called. Appreciate it!
great issues altogether, you just won a emblem new reader. What may you suggest in regards to your submit that you simply made a few days ago? Any sure?
Incredible points. Great arguments. Keep up the good effort.
What’s up everyone, it’s my first go to see at this website, and piece of writing is truly fruitful designed for me, keep up posting these articles.
I used to be recommended this website via my cousin. I am now not positive whether this submit is written via him as no one else recognise such detailed approximately my difficulty. You are wonderful! Thank you!
There is definately a lot to know about this subject. I love all the points you’ve made.
Please let me know if you’re looking for a article writer for your site. You have some really great posts and I think I would be a good asset. If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d absolutely love to write some articles for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine. Please blast me an e-mail if interested. Kudos!
I am curious to find out what blog system you have been working with? I’m experiencing some minor security problems with my latest website and I would like to find something more safeguarded. Do you have any solutions?
I have read so many articles concerning the blogger lovers except this article is truly a good post, keep it up.
This website was… how do I say it? Relevant!! Finally I have found something that helped me. Cheers!